Endolithic Algae in Stony Corals!
Far from being devoid of life, the skeleton of a coral harbors a wide array of algae, endolithic fungi, heterotrophic bacteria, and other boring eukaryotes, often forming distinct bands of color visible to the bare eye. Some functions of these endolithic microorganisms are critical in coral health, such as nutrient cycling and metabolite transfer, but they are poorly known, particularly by aquarists.
CORAL New Issue “SOLAR SYMBIONTS” Inside Look
A preview of articles and images in the latest issue of CORAL, The Reef & Marine Aquarium Magazine, September/October 2021.
CORAL New Issue “HOST ANEMONES” Inside Look
A preview of articles and images in the just-published issue of CORAL, The Reef & Marine Aquarium Magazine, May/June 2021.
CORAL New Issue “SURVIVAL STRATEGIES” Inside Look
A preview of articles and images in the just-published issue of CORAL, The Reef & Marine Aquarium Magazine, March/April 2021.
BNFFF (Best Non-Fish Friends Forever)
Initially, the worm was thought to obtain a permanent shelter from predation at a minor expense to the coral. However, experimental work has shown that the cost to the coral is minimal and that the worms can provide two quite significant benefits to the coral: First, the top of the calcareous operculum is secreted in the form of multiple sharp rays.
Matt Pedersen says:
Some addtional updates: Bocas Mariculture reports the successful cultivation of Serranus flaviventris, which didn't make it onto the list, and two accomplishments initially attributed to Bocas were in fact reported by Till Deuss from earlier when he was working with Biota Palau, so these have been attributed to the Biota Group with date information.Matt Pedersen says:
It's been brought to my attention that we overlooked the first breeding of Corythoichthys conspicillatus by Pholium Mariculture in the UK, which occurred in 2022. And thus, the first addition to the next list is already known!CORAL Magazine’s Captive-Bred Marine Fish Species List for says:
[…] Bred Marine Fish Species List now supersedes the 2019 list, the 2018 list, the 2017 list, the 2016 list, the 2015 list, the 2014 list, and the 2013 […]CORAL Magazine’s Captive-Bred Marine Fish Species List for says:
[…] new 2023 Captive Bred Marine Fish Species List now supersedes the 2019 list, the 2018 list, the 2017 list, the 2016 list, the 2015 list, the 2014 list, and the 2013 […]CORAL Magazine's Captive Bred Marine Fish Species List for 2013 says:
[…] Please see the updated captive-bred marine fish species list for 2023! […]CORAL Magazine’s Captive-Bred Marine Fish Species List for says:
[…] new 2019 Captive Bred Marine Fish Species List now supersedes the 2018 list, the 2017 list, the 2016 list, the 2015 list, the 2014 list, and the 2013 list. […]