ORNATE WRASSE
Exploring aquarium wrasse
aquaculture and breeding success with the
Text & images by Frank Baensch
CORAL, November/December 2016
pgs 38-50
References
Ahlstrom, E.H. and H.G. Moser. 1980. Characters useful in identification of pelagic marine fish eggs. CalCOFI Rep 21: 121–31.
Clavijo, l.E. and P.L. Donaldson. 1994. Spawning Behavior in the Labrid, Halichoeres bivittatus, on Artificial and Natural Substrates in Onslow Bay, North Carolina, with Notes on Early Life History. Bull Mar Sci 55 (2–3): 383–87.
Colin, P.L. 1982. Spawning and larval development of the hogfish, Lachnolaimus maximus (Pisces: Labridae). Fish Bull 80: 853–62.
De Silva, S. 2003. Carps. In: J.S. Lucas and P.C. Southgate (eds), Aquaculture: Farming Aquatic Animals and Plants. Blackwell Publishing, Oxford, England.
Kimura, S. and T. Kiriyama. 1993. Development of eggs, larvae and juveniles of the labrid fish, Halichoeres poecilopterus, reared in the laboratory. Jpn J Ichthyol 39 (4): 371–77.
Sakai, Y., K. Karino, Y. Nakashima, and T. Kuwamura. 2002. Status-dependent behavioural sex change in a polygynous coral-reef fish, Halichoeres melanurus. J Ethol 20: 101–5.
Michael, S.W. 2009. Wrasses and Parrotfishes: The Complete Illustrated Guide to their Identification, Behaviors and Captive-Care. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, NJ, and Microcosm Ltd., Charlotte, VT.
On the Internet
Asia-Pacific Marine Finfish Aquaculture Network Magazine. First Breeding Success of Napoleon Wrasse and Coral Trout. http://library.enaca.org/AquacultureAsia/Articles/April-June-2004/10mfan-ezine-april04.pdf
Blue Reef Photography: http://www.bluereefphoto.org/blog
Cactus a Natural Oil Dispersant: http://news.usf.edu/article/templates/?z=0&a=4387
Farm Application of Wrasse. EcoFish Ballan Wrasse Project. Technical Leaflet:
http://www.northernperiphery.eu/files/archive/Downloads/Project_Publications/18/ECOFISH_leaflet7_Farm_Application_of_Wrasse_web_version.pdf
Marine Aquarium Trade Data: https://aquariumtradedata.org/
Reef Builders: https://reefbuilders.com/2013/07/25/captive-bred-cleaner-wrasse
Rising Tide Breeds Hawaiian Cleaner Wrasse:
http://www.reef2rainforest.com/2016/08/26/rising-tide-breeds-hawaiian-cleaner-wrasse/
Rising Tide Conservation blog: http://risingtideconservation.blogspot.com/2015/02/early-success-with-Halichoeres-wrasse.html
Stier, A.C. et al. Larval dispersal drives trophic structure across Pacific coral reefs. Nat Commun 5: 5575, doi: 10.1038/ncomms6575 (2014).
Christopher D'Arminio says:
Is this fish safe with small tetras and pencilfish? What is the minimum tank size you recommend?Eddie S. says:
Unfortunately, one of the other under-discussed after effects of the hormone treatments used to bring out coloration in juvenile fish, regardless of species, is the 'neutering' or 'muling' effect this can have! With most fish species that are sexually dimorphic, it is the males that are most colorful. To bring those colors out early in juveniles, male hormones are used. Needless to say, this can interfere with the normal development of females within the treated group. My opinion is that there are two things going on here, both working against the hobyist that wants to propogate the fish. One is that females, when identified, are held back by the breeder/wholesaler to maintain his stock and the demand for the fish by limiting its breeding possibilities once he sends livestock to market. The other is that young females that are exposed to hormones to increase their appeal and market readiness at an earlier age and smaller size, may be forever ruined as potential breeders by the treatments, and may never show female coloration or have the ability to breed.Jason says:
Thank you for your work.Eveline says:
The salt worked great. I had a few that I bought in a local fishstore that had Scutariella japonica. At first I did not recognized it, until the white wiggly thingies started to develop between the eyes. Thank you so much for this article. Not only informative, but also a great solution for treatment.Priscilla Boardman says:
Thank you for a beautiful way to bring knowledge and beauty and hope.Mike A. Meadows says:
I learned of the Banded Butterfly (C.striatus) aiptasia control from the aquarists at the Cleveland Metro parks Zoo. They were using them in their greehnouse aquarium. Aquarist Nick Zarlinga was who showed me the damage they can do to aiptasia.